Retna K. Rachman

Faculty of Low Study Program "Veteran" National development University Jakarta

DOI : https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v4-i12-27

Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT

Due to the demand for health care services that is getting higher, making business actors engaged in the provision of health services/facilities also seek to further improve the services they have to meet market demand. Hospitals and health clinics are increasingly diverse in offering health services to potential consumers. So that people as consumers also have a variety of choices to fulfill their needs for health services. The health sector is one of the programs that has a fairly large budget item at this time, namely the health equipment procurement program. The large budget allocation from the government opens up opportunities to be misused if there is no strict supervision from the stakeholders themselves or from other institutions. The health budget that should be used to build public health is actually used to enrich oneself and others which can result in poor service and quality of public health. Meanwhile, one of the basic problems related to business competition in Indonesia is the process of procurement of government goods/services. In the process of procuring government goods and services, some believe that there are still many practices of conspiracy to determine the winner in a tender. This clearly contradicts the principles and mechanisms that have been regulated in Presidential Regulation No. 12 of 2021 concerning Government Procurement of Goods/Services and Law No. 5 of 1999 concerning Government Procurement. KPPU was formed based on the mandate of Law Number 5 of 1999. The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which the limitations and powers of the KPPU are related to the handling of cases of tender conspiracy which have implications for criminal acts.

KEYWORDS:

Unfair Business Competition; Tender Conspiracy; Criminal sanctions; KPPU's involvement.

REFERENCES

Books:
1) Badan Pusat Statistik [Statistics Indonesia], Indeks Pembangunan Manusia [Human Development Index 2020]. 2020, BPS [Statistics Indonesia]: Jakarta, 2021.

2) ________, Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2020 [Population Census Result in 2020], BPS [Statistics Indonesia]: Jakarta, 2021.

3) Chandra M. Hamzah, Penjelasan Hukum tentang Bukti Permulaan yang Cukup [Legal Explanation on Addequate Initial Evidence], Jakarta: PSHK, 2014.

4) Hansen Knud, Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 1999: Undang-undang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Tidak Sehat [Law No. 5 Year 1999 on Prohibition toward Monopoly Practices and Unhealthy Competitions], Jakarta: PT. Tema Baru, 2002.

5) Johnny Ibrahim, Teori dan Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Normatif [Theory and Methodology of Normative Legal Research]. Malang: Bayumedia, 2006.

6) Johnny Ibrahim, Hukum Persaingan Usaha Filosofi, Teori, dan Implikasi penerapannya di Indonesia [Business Competition Law: Philosophy, Theory and its Implication in Indonesia]. Malang: Bayumedia, 2007.

7) Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi [Corruption Eradication Commission], Dasar Hukum Tentang Korupsi Terkait Sektor Bisnis [Legal Principles related to Business Sectors], Jakarta: Direktorat Pendidikan dan Pelayanan Masyarakat Kedeputian Bidang Pencegahan [Directorate of Education and Public Service for the Deputy of Prevention Section], 2016.

8) Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha [Business Competition Supervisory Commission], Hukum Persaingan Usaha Antara Teks dan Konteks [Business Competition Law: between Text and Context], Jakarta: KPPU RI, 2009.

9) _________, Pedoman Tentang Larangan Persekongkolan dalam Tender berdasarkan UU No.5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat [Guidelines on Prohibition of Tender Conspiracy based on Law No. 5 Year 1999 on Prohibition of Monopoly Practices and Unfair Business Competitions], Jakarta: KPPU RI, 2009.

10) _________. Hansen Knud, Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 1999: Undang-undang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Tidak Sehat [Law No. 5 Year 1999 on Prohibition of Monopoly Practices and Unfair Business Competitions], Jakarta: PT. Tema Baru, 2002, p. 309.

11) L. Budi Kagramanto, ‘Implementasi UU No 5 Tahun 1999 oleh KPPU’ [Implementation of Law No, 5 Year 1999 by KPPU], Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Yustisia [Yustisia Journal of Law Sciences]: 2007

12) Patrialis Akbar, Lembaga-lembaga Negara Menurut UUD NRI Tahun 1945 [State Institutions based on the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia], Sinar Grafika: 2002.

13) Peter M, Penelitian Hukum [Legal Research], Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group, 2013.

14) Purnama Aditya, Tinjauan Yuridis Tentang Persekongkolan Tender: Menurut UU No. 5 tahun 1999 [Judicial Review on Tender Conspiracy: According to Law No. 5 Year 1999], Jakarta: 2014.

15) Rachmadi Usman, Hukum Persaingan Usaha di Indonesia [Business Competition Law in Indonesia], PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama: 2010

16) Soerjono Soekanto, Pengantar Penelitian Hukum [Introduction to Legal Research]. Jakarta: UI Press, 2014.

17) T.R. Silalahi, ‘Kompetensi Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) Dalam Menanggulangi Praktek Monopoli Dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat’ [Competencies of Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU) in handling Monolopy Practices and unhealty Business Competitions], Universitas Airlangga, 2002
Laws:
1) Undang-Undang Dasar Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 [The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia].

2) Indonesia, Undang - Undang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat [Law on Prohibition of Monopoly and Unhealthy Business Competitions], UU No. 5 Tahun 1999 [Law No. 5 Year 1999], LN 1999, TLN No. 3817.

3) Indonesia, Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi [Law on Eradication of Corruption Criminal Actions], UU No. 31 Tahun 1999 [Law No. 31 Year 1999], LN No.140 Tahun 1999 [LN No. 140 Year 1999], TLN No. 3874.

4) Indonesia, Undang – Undang Perubahan atas Undang Undang Nomor 31 tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi [Amendment of Law No. 31 Year 1999 on Eradication of Cooruption criminal actions], UU No. 20 Tahun 2001 [Law No. 20 Year 2001], LN. 2001/ No. 134, TLN No. 4150.

5) Indonesia, Undang - Undang tentang Perbendaharaan Negara No. 1 Tahun 2004 [Law on State Treasury No. 1 Year 2004], LN. 2004/ No. 5, TLN No. 4355.

6) Indonesia, Undang - Undang tentang Rumah Sakit [Law on Hospital], UU No. 44 Tahun 2009 [Law No. 44 Year 2009], LN. 2009/ No. 153, TLN NO. 5072.

7) Indonesia, Undang - Undang tentang Kesehatan [Law on Health], UU No. 36 Tahun 2009 [Law No. 36 Year 2009], LN. 2009/ No. 144, TLN NO. 5063.

8) Indonesia, Keputusan Presiden tentang Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha [President Decree on Business Competition Supervisory Commission], Keppres Nomor 75 Tahun 1999 [President Decree No. 75 Year 1999].

9) Indonesia, Peraturan Presiden tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Presiden Nomor 16 Tahun 2018 Tentang Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah [President Regulation on Amendment of President Regulation No. 16 Year 2018 on Procurement of Government Goods and Services], Perpres No. 12 Tahun 2021 [President Regulation No. 12 Year 2021], LN. 2021/ No. 63.

10) Kementerian Kesehatan [Ministry of Health], Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 129 Tahun 2008 tentang Standar Pelayanan Minimal Rumah Sakit [Minister of Health Regulation No. 129 Year 2008 on Hospital Minimum Service Standards].

11) Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha [Business Competition Supervoisory Commission], Peraturan KPPU Nomor 2 Tahun 2010 tentang Pedoman Pasal 22 (Praktek Persekongkolan Tender) [KPPU Regulation No. 2 Year 2010 on Guidelines of Article 22 (Tender Conspiracy Practices)].
Journals:
1) Adam Khafi Ferdinand, Sunarto DM dan Maya Shafira, Penegakan Hukum Dalam Pengadaan Barang Dan Jasa Pemerintah Oleh Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU) Dan Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) [Law Enforcement in the Procurement of Government goods and services made by the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU) and Corruption Eradication, Commission (KPK)], Jurnal FH Unila [Journal of Law Faculty, Unila], volume 4 number 2, July-December 2020.

2) M. Aris Munandar, Audyna Mayasari Muin, Hijrah Adhyanti Mirzana, Telaah Ketentuan Pidana Kekarantinaan Kesehatan Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2018 Bagi Kesehatan Notaris Dan Masyarakat Era Pandemi Covid-19 [A Study on the Provisions of Health Quarantine Criminal Cases Based on Law No. 6 Year 2018 for the Health of Public Notaries and Communities during the Covid-19 Pandemic], Jurnal Hukum dan Kenotariatan [Journal of Law and Notary], (February 2021), Vol. 5, No. 1.

3) Yohanes Suhardin, (Juli-September 2012), Peranan Negara Dan Hukum Dalam Memberantas Kemiskinan Dengan Mewujudkan Kesejahteraan Umum [The Role of State and Law in Reducing Poverty by Realizing General Prosperity], Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan [Journal of Law and Development], Year 42, No. 3.
Internet Sources:
1) Dwi Ari Wibawa, Memahami Praktik-Praktik yang Memicu Tindak Pidana dalam Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa Pemerintah [Understanding Practices triggering criminal actions in the procurement of government goods and services], http://www.bppk.kemenkeu.go.id/publikasi/artikel/147-artikel-anggaran-dan perbendaharaan/20096- memahami-praktik-praktik-yang-memicu-tindakpidana-dalam-pengadaan-barang-dan-jasa-pemerintah.

2) Erti Renti Maharaini, “Hukum Acara Persaingan Usaha” [Procedural Law on Business Competition], (https://sekartrisakti.wordpress.com/2011/05/14/hukum-acara-persaingan-usaha).

3) Jimly Asshiddiqie, Penegakan Hukum [Law Enforcement], http://www.jimly.com.

4) Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha [Business Competition Supervisory Commission], Putusan Perkara KPPU [KPPU Case Decision], http://putusan.kppu.go.id/

VOlUME 04 ISSUE 12 DECEMBER 2021