VOlUME 05 ISSUE 08 AUGUST 2022
Panji Suminar
Department of Sociology,Faculty of Social and Political Sciences University of Bengkulu Jalan Raya Kandang Limun, Bengkulu-Indonesia 38371.A
DOI : https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i8-53Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT
This study explored possible scenarios for the future of the Indigenous Peoples' sustainability linked to the SDGs goal elements by applying the Ethnography Future Research (EFR) synergized with Indigenous methodologies. The study applied interview techniques, storytelling, and sharing-talking circles to collect data, and involved 31 selected informants representing social segments of the Serawai, an Indigenous People in Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. The study employed domain, taxonomy, componential, and cultural themes analysis. The research findings showed that the EFR combined with the indigenous research approach can identify and comprehend the sustainability indicators of Indigenous People. The indicators were obtained through scenarios formulated by research participants including optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely scenarios. The ERF synergized with indigenous research methods facilitated Indigenous Peoples to determine their future based on Indigenous perspectives and allowed researchers to involve Indigenous Peoples in the entire research process. The research findings had been a significant source of data and information in the process of drafting the Regional Regulation on Indigenous Peoples in Bengkulu province.
KEYWORDS:ethnography research future, Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous research method, sustainable developments goals, sustainability indicators
REFERENCES
1) IFAD, “Spotlight 8 : Indigenous peoples,” pp. 338–341, 2016.
2) ECLAC, Guaranteeing indigenous people’s rights in Latin America: Progress in the past decade and remaining
challenges. 2014.
3) G. A. Cajete, “Indigenous science, climate change, and indigenous community building: A framework of foundational
perspectives for indigenous community resilience and revitalization,” Sustain., vol. 12, no. 22, pp. 1–11, 2020,
doi: 10.3390/su12229569.
4) P. Priyadarshini and P. C. Abhilash, “Promoting tribal communities and indigenous knowledge as potential solutions for the sustainable development of India,” Environ. Dev., vol. 32, no. April, pp. 1–12, 2019,
doi: 10.1016/j.envdev.2019.100459.
5) R. K. Singh, A. Kumar, A. Singh, and P. Singhal, “Evidence that cultural food practices of Adi women in Arunachal
Pradesh, India, improve social-ecological resilience: insights for Sustainable Development Goals,” Ecol. Process., vol. 9,
no. 1, 2020, doi: 10.1186/s13717-020-00232-x.
6) IFAD, “Partnering with indigenous peoples for the SDGs.,” pp. 2–8, 2019, [Online]. Available:
https://www.ifad.org/documents/38714170/41390728/policybrief_indigenous_sdg.pdf/e294b690-b26c-994c-550c-
076d15190100.
7) United Nation, “The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2018,” Sustain. Dev. Goals Rep. 2018, pp. 1–40, 2018,
doi: 10.11260/kenkokyoiku.19.77.
8) R. Scheyvens, A. Carr, A. Movono, E. Hughes, F. Higgins-Desbiolles, and J. P. Mika, “Indigenous tourism and the
sustainable development goals,” Ann. Tour. Res., vol. 90, pp. 1–12, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.annals.2021.103260.
) G. Quirk and Q. Hanich, “Ocean Diplomacy: The Pacific Island Countries’ Campaign to the UN for an Ocean Sustainable
Development Goal,” Asia-Pacific J. Ocean Law Policy, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 68–95, 2016, doi: 10.1163/24519391-00101005.
10) M. L. M. Yap and K. Watene, “The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Indigenous Peoples: Another Missed
Opportunity?,” J. Hum. Dev. Capab., vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 451–467, 2019, doi: 10.1080/19452829.2019.1574725.
11) A. M. Herrera Almanza and B. Corona, “Using Social Life Cycle Assessment to analyze the contribution of products to
the Sustainable Development Goals: a case study in the textile sector,” Int. J. Life Cycle Assess., vol. 25, no. 9, pp. 1833–
1845, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s11367-020-01789-7.
12) F. Johnsson, I. Karlsson, J. Rootzén, A. Ahlbäck, and M. Gustavsson, “The framing of a sustainable development goals
assessment in decarbonizing the construction industry – Avoiding ‘Greenwashing,’” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol.
131, no. May, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110029.
13) S. Kawakubo, S. Murakami, T. Ikaga, and Y. Asami, “Sustainability assessment of cities: SDGs and GHG emissions,”
Build. Res. Inf., vol. 46, no. 5, pp. 528–539, 2018, doi: 10.1080/09613218.2017.1356120.
14) D. Horan, “National baselines for integrated implementation of an environmental sustainable development goal assessed
in a new integrated SDG index,” Sustain., vol. 12, no. 17, pp. 1–22, 2020, doi: 10.3390/SU12176955.
15) J. Castor, K. Bacha, and F. Fuso Nerini, “SDGs in action: A novel framework for assessing energy projects against the
sustainable development goals,” Energy Res. Soc. Sci., vol. 68, no. April, pp. 1–9, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.erss.2020.101556.
16) L. Green, B. J. Gray, and K. Ashton, “Using health impact assessments to implement the sustainable development goals in
practice: a case study in Wales,” Impact Assess. Proj. Apprais., vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 214–224, 2020,
doi: 10.1080/14615517.2019.1678968.
17) O. Ramirez-Rubio et al., “Urban health: An example of a ‘health in all policies’ A pproach in the context of SDGs
implementation,” Global. Health, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 1–21, 2019, doi: 10.1186/s12992-019-0529-z.
18) A. Chaudhary, D. Gustafson, and A. Mathys, “Multi-indicator sustainability assessment of global food systems,” Nat.
Commun., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–3, 2018, doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03308-7.
19) C. Allen, M. Reid, J. Thwaites, R. Glover, and T. Kestin, “Assessing national progress and priorities for the Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs): experience from Australia,” Sustain. Sci., vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 521–538, 2020,
doi: 10.1007/s11625-019-00711-x.
20) C. Allen, R. Nejdawi, J. El-Baba, K. Hamati, G. Metternicht, and T. Wiedmann, “Indicator-based assessments of progress
towards the sustainable development goals (SDGs): a case study from the Arab region,” Sustain. Sci., vol. 12, no. 6, pp.
975–989, 2017, doi: 10.1007/s11625-017-0437-1.
21) Y. Huan, H. Li, and T. Liang, “A new method for the quantitative assessment of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
and a case study on Central Asia,” Sustain., vol. 11, no. 13, pp. 1–27, 2019, doi: 10.3390/su11133504.
22) J. Benedek, K. Ivan, I. Török, A. Temerdek, and I. H. Holobâcă, “Indicator-based assessment of local and regional progress
toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): An integrated approach from Romania,” Sustain. Dev., vol. 29, no. 5,
pp. 860–875, 2021, doi: 10.1002/sd.2180.
23) M. Kawharu, “Aotearoa: Shine or shame? A critical examination of the Sustainable Development Goals and the question
of poverty and young Maori in New Zealand,” J. Glob. Ethics, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 43–50, 2015,
doi: 10.1080/17449626.2015.1010098.
24) O. Odulaja and R. Halseth, The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and Indigenous Peoples in Canada, vol.
8. 2018.
25) J. Smith and A. J. Spencer, “‘No one will be left behind?’ Taíno indigenous communities in the Caribbean and the road to
SDGs 2030,” Worldw. Hosp. Tour. Themes, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 305–320, 2020, doi: 10.1108/WHATT-02-2020-0011.
26) K. C. Snow et al., “Guiding principles for indigenous research practices,” Action Res., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 357–375, 2016,doi: 10.1177/1476750315622542.
27) R. B. Textor, “The ethnographic futures research method: An application to Thailand,” Futures, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 461–
471, 1995, doi: 10.1016/0016-3287(95)00011-K.
28) H. S. J. Gordon, “Ethnographic futures research as a method for working with Indigenous communities to develop
sustainability indicators,” Polar Geogr., vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 233–254, 2021, doi: 10.1080/1088937X.2021.1881647.
29) M. Lowdon, “Ethnographic Futures Research: The Future of Jesuit Higher Education in the United States,” World Futur.
Rev., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 19–25, 2010, doi: 10.1177/194675671000200404.
30) Smith, Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenosu Peoples. London & New York: Zed Books Ltd, 1999.
31) L. T. Smith, “On tricky ground: Researching the native in the age of uncertainty.,” in Handbook of qualitative research
3rd ed, Y. S. Denzin, Norman K. & Lincoln, Ed. 2008, pp. 85–107.
32) S. Cornell and J. P. Kalt, “Sovereignty and Nation-Building: The Development Challenge in Indian Country Today,” in
American Indian Culture and Research Journal, vol. 22, no. 3, 1998, pp. 187–214.
33) B. M. K. J. Brayboy, “Toward a Tribal Critical Race Theory in education,” Urban Rev., vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 425–446, 2005,
doi: 10.1007/s11256-005-0018-y.
34) M. Kovach, “Conversational Method in Indigenous Research,” First Peoples Child Fam. Rev., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 123–136,
2019.
35) M. Kovach, “Conversation Method in Indigenous Research,” Fisrt Peoples Child Fam. Rev., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 39–48, 2020.
36) M. van Hulst, “Storytelling, a model of and a model for planning,” Plan. Theory, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 299–318, 2012,
doi: 10.1177/1473095212440425.
37) M. van Hulst, “Ethnography and narrative,” Polic. Soc., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 98–115, 2020,
doi: 10.1080/10439463.2019.1646259.
38) M. Kovach, “Indigenous Evaluation Frameworks: Can the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural
Heritage be a guide for recognizing Indigenous scholarship within tenure and promotion standards?,” AlterNative, vol. 15,
no. 4, pp. 299–308, 2019, doi: 10.1177/1177180119887185.
39) F. S. Hodge, “No Meaningful Apology for American Indian Unethical Research Abuses,” Ethics Behav., vol. 22, no. 6, pp.
431–444, 2012, doi: 10.1080/10508422.2012.730788.
40) S. Allen et al., “Community sharing: Contextualizing Western research notions of contamination within an Indigenous
research paradigm,” Am. J. Community Psychol., no. February, pp. 1–12, 2021, doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12552.
41) N. Wallerstein and B. Duran, “The Theoretical, Historical, and Practice Roots of CBPR,” Community-based Particip. Res.
Heal., vol. 2, no. August 2016, pp. 25–46, 2008, doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.34282.72648.
42) A. Harding et al., “Conducting research with tribal communities: Sovereignty, ethics, and data-sharing issues,” Environ.
Health Perspect., vol. 120, no. 1, pp. 6–10, 2012, doi: 10.1289/ehp.1103904.
43) M. Brydon-Miller, “Covenantal ethics and action research: Exploring a common foundation for social research.,” in
Handbook of social research ethics, D. M. Mertens and P. E. Ginsberg, Eds. SAGE Publications., 2009, pp. 243–258.
44) R. Datta, “Traditional storytelling: an effective Indigenous research methodology and its implications for environmental
research,” AlterNative, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 35–44, 2017, doi: 10.1177/1177180117741351.
45) R. Datta, “Implementation of Indigenous environmental heritage rights: an experience with Laitu Khyeng Indigenous
community, Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh,” AlterNative, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 309–320, 2019,
doi: 10.1177/1177180119885199.
46) F. Berkes, “Epilogue: Making sense of Arctic environmental change?,” in The earth is faster now: Indigenous observations
of Arctic environmental change, I. Krupnik and D. Jolly, Eds. Arctic Research Consortium of the United States., 2002, pp.
334–349.
47) P. Dudgeon, C. Scrine, A. Cox, and R. Walker, “Facilitating empowerment and self-determination through participatory
action research: Findings from the national empowerment project,” Int. J. Qual. Methods, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2017,
doi: 10.1177/1609406917699515.
48) R. B. Textor, A Handbook on Ethnographic Futures Research, Third Edit. Stanford, CA: Stanford University, 1980.
49) J. P. Spradley, Participation observation. New York, Chicago, San Fransisco, Dallas: Holt, Rinehart, and Wilson, 1980.
50) F. Berkes, J. Colding, and C. Folke, “Rediscovery of Traditional Ecological Knowledge as Adaptive Management,” Ecol.
Appl., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 1251–1262, 2000.
51) J. Corntassel, “Rethinking the Contemporary Indigenous-Rights Discourse,” Altern. Glob. Local, Polit., vol. 33, pp. 105–
132, 2008.
52) Ali, P. T. Buergelt, E. L. Maypilama, D. Paton, J. A. Smith, and N. Jehan, “Synergy of systems theory and symbolic
interactionism: a passageway for non-Indigenous researchers that facilitates better understanding Indigenous worldviews
and knowledges,” Int. J. Soc. Res. Methodol., vol. 00, no. 00, pp. 1–16, 2021, doi: 10.1080/13645579.2021.1876300.
53) Ali, D. Paton, P. T. Buergelt, J. A. Smith, N. Jehan, and A. Siddique, “Integrating Indigenous perspectives and community-
based disaster risk reduction: A pathway for sustainable Indigenous development in Northern Pakistan,” Int. J. Disaster
Risk Reduct., vol. 59, pp. 1–16, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102263.
54) B. Chilisa and G. N. Tsheko, “Mixed Methods in Indigenous Research: Building Relationships for Sustainable Intervention
Outcomes,” J. Mix. Methods Res., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 222–233, 2014, doi: 10.1177/1558689814527878.
55) E. A. Haozous, V. Eschiti, J. Lauderdale, and C. Hill, “Use of the Talking Circle for Comanche Women’s Breast Health
Education,” J. Transcult. Nurs., vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 377–385, 2010, doi: 10.1177/1043659609360847.
56) L. F. Lavallée, “Practical Application of an Indigenous Research Framework and Two Qualitative Indigenous Research
Methods: Sharing Circles and Anishnaabe Symbol-Based Reflection,” Int. J. Qual. Methods, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 21–40, 2009,
doi: 10.1177/160940690900800103.
57) A. A. Lew, P. T. Ng, C. cheng (Nickel) Ni, and T. chiung (Emily) Wu, “Community sustainability and resilience:
similarities, differences and indicators,” Tour. Geogr., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 18–27, 2016,
doi: 10.1080/14616688.2015.1122664.
58) G. R. Smith and J. R. Taylor, “Achieving Sustainability: Exploring Links Between Sustainability Indicators and Public
Involvement for Rural Communities,” Landsc. J., vol. 19, no. 1–2, pp. 179–190, 2000, doi: 10.3368/lj.19.1-2.179.
59) M. S. Pires and T. Fidélis, “Local sustainability indicators in Portugal: Assessing implementation and use in governance
contexts,” J. Clean. Prod., vol. 86, pp. 289–300, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.08.002.
60) A. Kennemore and N. Postero, “Reflections on Collaborative Ethnography and Decolonization in Latin America, Aotearoa,
and Beyond,” Commoning Ethnogr., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 25–58, 2020, doi: 10.26686/ce.v3i1.6646.
61) A. Kennemore and N. Postero, “Collaborative ethnographic methods: dismantling the ‘anthropological broom closet’?,”
Lat. Am. Caribb. Ethn. Stud., vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1–24, 2021, doi: 10.1080/17442222.2020.1721091.
62) M. George et al., “Moe Kitenga: a qualitative study of perceptions of infant and child sleep practices among Māori
whānau,” AlterNative, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 153–160, 2020, doi: 10.1177/1177180120929694