¹Ayu Nur Sasangka,²Muhamad Syauqillah

^1,2Terrorism Studies, School of Strategic and Global Studies, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI : https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v6-i6-53

Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT

Indonesia, with abundant diversity, encompasses a diverse array of ethnicities, cultures, languages, and religions, presenting both advantages and vulnerabilities. Exploiting these diversity and religious factors, extremist groups disrupt national harmony due to a lack of proper understanding of religious doctrine. The escalating intolerance and fanaticism, particularly in Java, Indonesia, pose a clear and imminent threat, resulting in violations of freedom of religion and endangering the preservation of cultural diversity. To delve into these issues and underscore the significance of countering religious extremism, this study employs a qualitative research methodology. The study's findings encompass four key discussions: the disruption of culture caused by religious extremism, the utilization of the Javanese cultural value "tepa selira" to promote religious tolerance, the understanding of religious values and tolerance as fundamental elements for fostering peace amidst diversity, and the instilling Pancasila values to prevent religious extremism. In conclusion, effective measures to counter religious extremist ideologies involve promoting tolerance in education, reinforcing Pancasila's values, empowering societal figures, and fostering collaboration between the government, law enforcement agencies, and individuals. These efforts should focus on instilling peaceful religious guidance and embracing the principles of Pancasila throughout the Indonesian people, thereby effectively preventing the proliferation of religious extremism.

KEYWORDS:

Cultural disruption, Pancasila ideology, threat prevention strategy, tolerance, religious extremism, tepa selira

REFERENCES

1) Adha, M. and Susanto, E. (2020). Kekuatan nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam membangun kepribadian masyarakat Indonesia. Al- Adabiya: Jurnal Kebudayaan dan Keagamaan, 15(1), 121–138.

2) Afriansyah, A. and Seftiani, S. (2020). Countering radicalism and intolerance from school: Lessons learned in Indonesia. Atsumi International Scholarship Foundation, 5(19), 225–233.

3) Alam, M. (2016). Harmony in religious and cultural diversity, case study of Sungai Penuh city society. Al-Albab, 5(2), 265–280.

4) Appleby, R.S. (1998). Religion and global affairs: Religious "militants for peace". SAIS Review, 18(2), 38–44.

5) Ariyani, S.D. (2016). How does Pancasila work in countering radicalism and terrorism in Indonesia? Jurnal Scientia Indonesia, 2(2), 119–140.

6) Aziz, D. (2013). Akulturasi Islam dan budaya Jawa. Fikrah, 1(2), 253–286.

7) Baihaki, E.S. (2017). Strengthening Bhinneka Tunggal Ika as an identity and unifier of the nation: Realizing a peaceful Islam and statehood harmonization. Addin, 11(1), 55–76.

8) Butt, F.F. and Amjad, M.Z. (2018). Religious misinterpretation leading to extremism. Forman Christian College. Punjab.

9) Effendi, R., Komarudin, S., and Nandang, H. (2013). Memperbaiki gonjang-ganjing akhlak bangsa. Bandung: Al-Fikriis.

10) Fenton, A.J. (2016). Faith, intolerance, violence, and bigotry: Legal and constitutional issues of freedom of religion in Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Islam, 10(2), 181–212.

11) Hanafi, I. (2018). Agama dalam bayang-bayang fanatisme: Sebuah upaya mengelola konflik agama. Toleransi: Media Ilmiah Komunikasi Umat Beragama, 10(1), 48–67.

12) Jamhari and Testriono (2021). The roots of Indonesia's resilience against violent extremism. Studia Islamika, 28(3), 517–546.

13) Keraf, F.M.P. and Kollo, F.L. (2019). Preventing radicalism through the values of Pancasila and instilling the value of character in young citizens. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Studies, 1(4), 339–344.

14) Khamdan, M. (2016). Pengembangan nasionalisme keagamaan sebagai strategi penanganan potensi radikalisme Islam transnasional. Addin, 10(1), 207–232.

15) Misrawi, Z. (2010). Pandangan muslim moderat: Toleransi, terorisme, dan oase perdamaian. Jakarta: Kompas.

16) Moleong, L.J. (2018). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif. 3rd ed. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.

17) Mulder, N. (2001). Mistisisme Jawa. Yogyakarta: LKIS Yogyakarta.

18) Nurfitri, A. (2017). Toleransi beragama dengan tepa selira dan empan papan. In Revitalisasi toleransi beragama berbasis kearifan lokal. Semarang: Penerbit Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata, 55–70.

19) Nurish, A. (2021). The clash of cultures and violence in the name of religion.

20) Olimjonovna, M.Z. and Kizi, A.S.G. (2020). Religious extremism and terrorism: As a threat to the development and peace of society. Novateur Publications, 6(10), 182–185.

21) Rosyada, D. (2017). Promoting a peaceful tolerance and coexistence in the Indonesian plurality. https://www.uinjkt.ac.id/en/promoting-a-peaceful-tolerance-and-coexistence-in-the-indonesian-plurality/.

22) Saingo, Y.A. (2022). Strengthening the ideology of Pancasila as an antidote to religious radicalism. Jurnal Filsafat Indonesia, 5(2), 147–161.

23) Samho, B. (2022). Urgensi “moderasi beragama” untuk mencegah radikalisme di Indonesia. Sapientia Humana: Jurnal Sosial Humaniora, 2(1), 90–111.

24) SETARA Institute. (2021). Pandemi lahan subur diskriminasi dan intoleransi. https://setara-institute.org/pandemi-lahan-subur-diskriminasi-dan- intoleransi/.

25) Subagyo, A. (2020). Implementasi Pancasila dalam menangkal intoleransi, radikalisme, dan terorisme. Jurnal Rontal Keilmuan PKn, 6(1), 10–24.

26) Suharsono, M. (2017). Pemaafan dalam budaya Jawa: Ajaran tentang toleransi dan perdamaian. In Revitalisasi toleransi beragama berbasis kearifan local. Semarang: Penerbit Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata, 31–54.

27) Suseno, F. (2001). Etika Jawa: Sebuah analisis falsafi tentang kebijaksanaan hidup Jawa, Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

28) Susetyo, B. (2010). Stereotip dan relasi antarkelompok. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.

29) Taufiqurochman, M. (2021). Jejaring kebijakan BNPT dalam sinergitas program deradikalisasi. Journal of Terrorism Studies, 3(2), 1–21.

30) Tanamal, N.A. and Siagian, S.B.U. (2020). Implementasi nilai Pancasila dalam menangani intoleransi di Indonesia. Jurnal Lembaga Ketahanan Nasional Republik Indonesia, 8(3), 172–189.

31) Teguh, I. (2018). Bom Natal 2000: Sejarah kelam di malam kudus. https://tirto.id/bom-natal-2000- sejarah-kelam-di-malam-kudus-cKlZ/.

32) Thoyyib, M. (2018). Radikalisme Islam Indonesia. Ta’Lim: Jurnal Studi Pendidikan Islam, 1(1), 90–105.

33) Walid, H.M.D. (2022). Implementation of Pancasila values against the prevention of radicalism movement in the digital age. Indonesian Journal of Counter Terrorism and National Security, 1(2), 223–246.

34) Widiatmaka, P. and Hakim, M.L. (2021). Pengaruh terorisme yang mengatasnamakan agama terhadap keberagaman di Indonesia. Islamic Insights Journal, 3(1), 19–31.

35) Widyana, I.K., Darsana, I.M., and Arta, I.G.A.J. (2022). Religious moderation in the framework of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika in Indonesia. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 636, 166–169.

36) Wong, P.S. (2007). Kultur Bhineka Tunggal Ika sebagai karakteristik bangsa Indonesia di era globalisasi. Jurnal Stulos, 6(1), 82.

37) Zalman, A. (2008). Countering violent extremism: Beyond words. New York: The EastWest Institute.

VOlUME 06 ISSUE 06 JUNE 2023