NOVEMBER 2022

VOlUME 05 ISSUE 11 NOVEMBER 2022
The Legal Effectiveness Limitation on Freedom of Movement in According to Overcoming the Spread of Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Muhammad Ihsan Firdaus
Master of Law Program, Faculty of Law, Muhammadiyah Malang University
DOI : https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i11-24

Google Scholar Download Pdf
ABSTRACT

The Covid-19 pandemic has been spread throughout the world, which has caused the governments of each country to implement a restriction on human rights, which is freedom of movement. This is a step and a response from the government to overcome the spread of Covid-19, as well as the Indonesian government. As a state of law (rechtstaat), of course the Indonesian government has its own specialty to respond and to enforce a regulation to deal with di Covid-19 pandemic, in accordance with the provisions of the emergency constitutional law and the limitation on human rights. The limitation on freedom of movement throughout the implementation of limitation on human rights that have been implemented by the Indonesian government, if it traced, they are PSBB, Transitional PSBB, Emergency PPKM and 4-Level PPKM. These are all of the responses and steps that have been taken by the government to cope and to overcome the Covid-19 pandemic. However, of course, the implementation is not always in accordance with what is expected, so it is worth questioning the legal effectiveness, whether it is in accordance with the sense of justice as the law is implemented, or not in accordance and far-reached from the sense of justice as one of the objectives of the law.

KEYWORDS:

legal effectiveness, limitation on freedom of movement, spread of covid-19 pandemic.

REFERENCES

JOURNAL 1) Adu, Apris and Daniela Boeky. Consumption Patterns of Covid-19 Patients Who Do Self-Isolation During PPKM Level 4. 2021. Article in“Jurnal Keperawatan Silampari”. No. 1. Vol. 5. December.

2) Boggio, Andrea, Matteo Zignol, Ernesto Jaramillo, Paul Nunn, Geneviève Pinet, and Mario Raviglione. Limitations on Human Rights: Are They Justifiable to Reduce the Burden of TB in the Era of MDR- and XDR-TB? 2008. Article in “Health and Human Rights”. No. 1. Vol. 10. January.

3) Bagus Prasetio, Rizki. Covid-19 Pandemic: Perspective of Emergency Constitutional Law and Protection of Human Rights. 2021. Article in “Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum”. No. 2. Vol. 15. August.

4) Barry, Christian and Seth Lazar. Justifying Lockdown. 2020. Article in “Ethics & International Affairs”.

5) Buheji, Mohammad, Dunya Ahmed, Wala Almuttawa, Arameide Arinola Kuforiji, Sola Fajana, Bartola Mavric and Godfred Beka. Depth of Global Poverty and the Economy of Lockdown. 2021. Article in “International Journal of Management”. No. 1. Vo. 12. January

6) Caselli, Mauro, Andrea Fracasso, and Sergio Scicchitano. From the Lockdown to the New Normal: An Analysis of the Limitations to Individual Mobility in Italy Following the Covid-19 Crisis. 2020. Article in “Econstor”. No. 683.

7) Director, Samuel and Christopher Freiman. Civil Liberties in a Lockdown: The Cases of Covid-19. 2021. Article in “Journal of Medicine and Philosophy”.

8) Frith, Lucy. Lockdown, Public Good and Equality during Covid-19. 2020. Article in “Journal of Medical Ethics”. Issue 11. Vol. 46. November.

9) Gupta, A., H. Zhu, M. K. Doan, A. Michuda and B. Majumder. Economic Burden of Covid-19 Lockdown on the Poor. 2020. Article in “SSRN Economic Journal”. January.

10) J. Criddle, Evan, and Evan Fox-Decent. Human Rights, Emergencies and the Rule of Law. 2012. Article in “Human Rights Quarterly”. Vol. 34.

11) L. Bottan, Nicolás, Diego A. Vera-Cossio and Bridget Hoffmann. The Unequal Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic: Evidences from Seventeen Developing Countries. 2020. Article in “Inter-American Development Bank”. June.

12) Nyoman Pujaningsih, Ni and I.G.A.AG Dewi Sucitawathi P. Implementation of the Community Activity Restriction Policy (PKM) in Combating the Covid-19 Outbreak in Denpasar City. 2020. Article in “Jurnal Moderat”. No. 3. Vol. 6. August.

13) Martin AC., Wayne, Court Administration and the Judiciary – Partners in the Delivery Justice. 2014. Article in “International Journal for Court Administration”. No. 2. Vol. 6. December.

14) McAdam, Jane. An Intellectual History of Freedom of Movement in International Law: The Right to Leave as a Personal Liberty. 2011. Article in “Melbourne Journal of International Law”. Vol. 12.

15) Murphy, Kristina, Harley Williamson, Elise Sargeant and Molly McCarthy. Why People Comply with Covid-19 Social Distancing Restrictions: Self-Interest or Duty? 2020. Article in “Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology”. No. 4. Vol. 53. August.

16) Panji Perdana Martua Hasibuan, Rezky and Anisa Ashari. Optimization of the Role of the State of Corona Virus Disease 2019 in the Perspective of Emergency Constitutional Law. 2020. Article in “Jurnal Sosial & Budaya Syar-I”. No. 7. Vol. 7.

17) Posel, Dorrit, Adeola Oyenubi and Umakrishnan Kollamparambil. Job Loss and Mental Health During the Covid-19 Lockdown: Evidence from South Africa. 2021. Article in “Plos One”. No. 3. Vol. 16. March.

18) Putra Disantara, Fradhana. Legal Immunity in the Regulations for Combating Corona Virus Disease 2019. 2020. Article in “Istinbath Jurnal Hukum”. No. 7. Vol. 17.

19) R. Kraaijeveld, Steven. Covid-19: Against a Lockdown Approach. 2020. Article in “Asian Bioethics Review”.

20) Rusi, Nadia and Fjorda Shqarri. Limitation or Derogation? The Dilemma of the States in Response to Human Rights Threat during the Covid-19 Crisis. 2020. Article in “Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies”. No. 5. Vol. 9. September.

21) S. Matompo, Osgar. Restrictions on Human Rights in the Perspective of Emergency Situations. 2014. Article in“Jurnal Media Hukum”. No. 1. Vol. 12.

22) Saputra, Hermawan and Nadilah Salma. Impact of PSBB and Transitional PSBB in DKI Jakarta in Control of Covid-19. 2020. Article in “Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia”. No. 3. Vol. 16.

23) Sevilla Rosa Angelin, Margareta, Inez Devina Clarissa and Zefaki Widigdo. Enforcement of Level 4 Community Activity Restrictions in Medan: Is Indonesia Legal Progress in Dealing with Covid-19. 2021. Article in “Prosiding Seminar Nasional Hukum dan Pembangunan yang Berkelanjutan”. Vol. 2.

24) Susanto, Mei dan Teguh Tresna Puja Asmara. Economics Versus Human Rights in Handling Covid-19: Dichotomy or Harmonization. 2020. Article in “Jurnal HAM”. No. 2. Vol. 11. August.

25) Spadaro, Alessandro. Covid-19: Testing the Limits of Human Rights. 2020. Article in “European Journal of Risk Regulation as Part of the Cambridge Coronavirus Collection”. Special Issue. Vol. 11. April.

26) Stelvdy Tanauma, Aquinaldo, Alfreds J. Randonuwu dan Presly Prayogo. State Protection Against Corona Virus Disease 2019 Based on Emergency Constitutional Law. 2021. Article in “Lex Administratum”. No. 3. Vol. 19. April.

27) Syarif Nuh, Muhammad. The Nature of the State of Emergency as the Basis for the Establishment of Government Regulations Substituting for Laws. 2011. Article in “Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum”. No. 2. Vol. 18. April.

28) Tobroni, Faiq. Restrictions on Religious Activities in Handling Covid-19. 2020. Article in “Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum (JKH) Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha”. No. 2. Vol. 6. August.

29) van Basshuysen, Philippe and Lucie White. Were Lockdowns Justified? A Return to the Facts and Evidence. 2021. Article in “Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal”. March.

30) Wirya Dinata, Ari and M. Yusuf Akbar. Restrictions on the Right to Move (Right to Move) through Prohibition of Entry and Restrictions on Travel during the Spread of the Covid-19 Virus according to International Law and Indonesian Law. 2021. Article in “Jurnal HAM”. No. 2. Vol. 12. August.

31) Y.P. Sibuea, Harris. Law Enforcement for the Implementation of Java and Bali Emergency Community Activity Restrictions (PPKM). 2021. Article in “Info Singkat”. No. 13. Vol. 13. July.

32) Zolka, Valentyn, Olha Tsarenko, Iryna Kushnir, Serhii Tsarenko and Roman Havrik. The Impact of the Pandemic Covid-19 on the Human Right to Freedom of Movement. 2021. Article in “European Journal of Sustainable Development”. No. 1. Vol. 12. February.

BOOK 1) Ali, Achmad. 2009. Revealing Legal Theory (Legal Theory) and Judicial Theory (Judicialprudence) Including the Interpretation of Laws. Jakarta: Kencana.

2) Sudikno Mertokusumo. 2008. Knowing the Law is an Introduction. Yogayakarta: Liberty Publishers Yogyakarta.

3) Satjipto Rahardjo. 1986. Legal Studies. Bandung: Alumni Publisher.

4) Santaria, Hamzarief. 2019. Basic Concepts of Sociology of Law. Malang: Equivalent Press

5) Soekanto, Seorjono and Budi Sulistyowati. 2019. Sociology an Introduction. Depok: Rajawali Pers.

6) Soekanto, Soerjono. 2021. Factors Affecting Law Enforcement. Depok: Rajawali Pers.

7) Wignjosoebroto, Soetandyo. 2013. Paradigm Shifts in Social and Legal Studies. Malang: Setara Press.

STATUTE 1) Law No. 12 of 2005 on the Ratification of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

2) Law No. 12 of 2011 on the Establishment of Legislative Regulations juncto Law No. 15 of 2019 on Amendments to Law No. 12 of 2011 on the Establishment of Legislative Regulations.

3) Law No. 6 of 2018 on Health Quarantine.

4) Instruction of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 15 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of Restrictions on Emergency Community Activities for Corona Virus Disease 2019 in the Java and Bali Region.

VOlUME 05 ISSUE 11 NOVEMBER 2022

Indexed In

Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar Avatar